1
IN THE COURT OF THE ADDITIONAL JUNIOR CIVIL JUDGE :: PUNGANUR .
PRESENT: SRI S. Kalyana Chakravarthy, B.Com., LL.B.,
Additional Junior Civil Judge, Punganur
. Thursday, the 16th ( Sixteenth ) day of April, 2015.
M.C.No. 15 /2012
Between :-
1)B.Pramakumari, aged about 42 years, w/o
B.Vijayabhaskar Reddy,
2)B.Pallavi aged about 16 years,
3)B.Jyothsna, aged about 14 years, Petitioners 2 and 3 are daughters of B.Vijayabhaskar
Reddy. All are Hindus and the petitioners 2 and 3 are minors by guardian natural mother, B.Prema Kumari,
R/at Therumanuthota veedhi, Punganur Town.
PETITIONERS
And
Buchireddigari Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy, aged about 45 years, s/o Late Lakshman Reddy, Hindu, residing at Diguva Chadalla village, Punganur Mandal. RESPONDENT
This case is coming on 25-03-2014, before me , for final hearing, in the presence of Sri K.Chand Basha, Advocate for petitioners, and of Sri
B.Venkatamuni, Advocate for the respondent, upon hearing the arguments on both sides, upon perusing the material available on record and having stood over for consideration till this day, this court delivered the following :- - : O R D E R ;-
This is a petition filed by the petitioners under Sec.125 of Cr.P.C. against the respondent praying this court to grant maintenance of Rs. 5,000/- per month each ,to the petitioners 1 to 3.
2. The allegations of the petitioner as per the petition in brief are as follows ;:- The 1st petitioner is the legally wedded wife of the respondent and her marriage was solemnized on 11-4-1990 at Eswara Temple, Srikalahasti and out of their wedlock the petitioners 2 and 3 were begotten. The marital life of the 1st petitioner with the respondent, though not happy, but with small 2 disturbances among them, they lived together till the year , 2007. The respondent aggrieved against the 1st petitioner as she could not provid him a male child. On that the respondent started to harass and neglected the 1st petitioners and ill-treated them not provided any food, clothing and shelter . On 12-12-2007 the respondent married one B.Rahitha and he completely neglected the petitioner and started to living with his second wife. When she approached the respondent, where he was living with his second wife, the respondent man- handled and on that she was hospitalized. She gave a complaint to police and the same was registered as a case in Cr. No. 3/2008 in C.C. 114/2008 against the respondent and his relatives under sec. 498-A , 494 and 323 IPC and in that case, the respondent herein, is the 1st accused was found guilty for the offence punishable under Sec. 498-A and 323 IPC and convicted him to undergo simple imprisonment for a period of one year and also sentenced to pay a fine of
Rs.1,000/- and acquitted the remaining accused 2 to 7. The 1st petitioner further alleges that she is working as an Anganwadi worker and getting salary of Rs.2,200/- and she has no parents and living in a rented house by paying
Rs.2000/- towards rent per month. Since 2007 the petitioners 1 to 3 are facing a lot of problems for their food, clothing and for education needs. The petitioners are studying Senior and Junior Intermediate courses respectively and they are in need of Rs.5,000/- per month towards their expenses and they are not having any movable or immovable properties and they are depended on their relatives for their needs and they are unable to maintain themselves as the earnings of the 1st petitioner is not sufficient to pay the house rent. The 1st petitioner further alleges that the respondent is a wealthy land-lord having vast lands and house property by maintaining his own tractor for his agricultural operations and he is also having a political hold and held political force and also he is doing contract works. The respondent has sufficient means to provide separate maintenance to petitioners 1 to 3. The 1st petitioner submits that since the respondent has not choosen to take the petitioners into conjugal fold by 3 neglecting and illtreating them since the year 2007. The petitioners 1 to 3 requires Rs.5,000/-, each per month towards their separate maintenance from the date of this petition.
3. The respondent filed counter denying all the allegations made in the petition. The respondent further submitted that he hails from a respective family and maintaining good reputation in the society. He is a friend of the 1st petitioner’s brother since child hood and used to go to the house of mother of the 1st petitioner as a neighbourer and having acquaintance with the mother of the 1st petitioner and he helped her mother financially and in other aspects and he is not having any relationship with the 1st petitioner in any manner at any time. He further submitted that he helped financially to the mother of 1st petitioner during her life time and he lent an amount of Rs.3,00,000/- to the mother of the 1st petitioner and he demanded to repay the said amount. The 1st petitioner in collusion with her relatives got filed a false case under Sec. 498-A IPC against him and his family members without any relationship and the Hon’ble court also without considering his defence convicted him. On such he also preferred an appeal in Crl.Appeal No. 5/2012 on the file of the Hon’ble II Addl.District Judge,
Madanapalle and the Hon’ble Court was partly allowed the appeal by acquitting the respondent under Sec. 498-A IPC and 494 IPC and convicted to pay a fine of Rs.1,000/-. He also further submits that the Hon’ble Addl.District Judge,
Madanapalle also not considered that the 1st petitioner is the wife of the respondent and petitioners 2 and 3 are daughters of the respondent and as such the relationship made against the respondent by the 1st petitioner is not correct and the 1st petitioner has to put to strict proof of the alleged marriage in between himself and first petitioner under Hindu Marriages Act.
The respondent further alleges that the 1st petitioner is working as
Anganwadi teacher and getting salary of Rs.4,500/- per month and 2nd petitioner is aged about 18 years and she is a major The 3rd petitioner is aged about 17 years and he is no way connected with the petitioners 1 to 3 and there is no 4 good relationship between him and the petitioners as alleged in the petition and the petitioners are not entitled to any maintenance from him. He further alleged that all the documents filed by the petitioner are created and self-styled documents with a malafide intention to harass and black-mail him. Himself and 1st petitioner never lived as wife and husband in any where and there is no relationship between him and the 1st petitioner. The 1st petitioner having suspicion that she may loose the criminal case in Crl. Appeal No.5/2012 and to apprehend the respondent, she got filed this petition claiming separate maintenance from him. The 1st petitioner is working as Anganwadi Teacher and getting sufficient income and having a own house at Chadalla village and there is no question that the 1st petitioner is unable to maintain herself and the petitioners 2 and 3 and he finally requested to dismiss the petition.
4. During the course of trial, on behalf of the petitioners, the 1st petitioner herself examined as PW-1 examined and got marked Exs. P-1 to
Ex.P-7 marked and on behalf of respondent, RW-1 and RW-2 are examined and Ex. R-1 to Ex.R-6 marked.
5. Now the points that arise for consideration are :-
1) Whether the 1st petitioner is the legally wedded wife of the respondent?
2) Whether the respondent neglected or refused to maintain the petitioners?
3) Whether the petitioners are unable to maintain themselves?
4) Whether the petitioners are entitled for the maintenance as prayed for?
6, To grant maintenance under Sec 125 Cr,P.C., the petitioner has to prove that there is valid marriage between the petitioner and respondent and the respondent has neglected or refused to maintain the petitioners and the petitioner has also to prove that she is unable to maintain themselves. If all the requirements are satisfied, the petitioner is entitled to claim maintenance under Sec. 125 Cr.P.C.
7.. POINT No.1 :- 5
Under law the burden is placed upon the wife to show that there is a valid marriage between her and her husband and that he has neglected or refused to maintain her and she also to be satisfied that she was unable to maintain herself. If the wife established thought the respondent failed to provide maintenance even though he is having sufficient income , then the court will pass an award to maintenance to the petitioner. Now let us see whether the 1st petitioner in this case has established the essential elements of 125 of Cr.P.C. to pass an order of maintenance as prayed by her.
8. The 1st petitioner herself examined as PW-1 and marked Ex.P-1 to P-7. PW-1 deposed that she has acquaintance with the respondent from her childhood and used to go to their house and he also used to go to her house.
She admitted that as on the date of her examination, petitioners 2 and 3 are majors. She deposed that at the time of their marriage, except one person by name Ramesh, none were present on her behalf and no one were present on behalf of the respondent. She deposed that the caste of her and the caste of respondent is different. She further deposed that their marriage was performed in a small temple which is in the premises of main temple of Sri Kalahasti. The respondent tied Thali and they both exchanged the garlands in the presence of a purohit. But she failed to say the name of the said purohit. She also deposed that no photographs were taken to avoid impediments of marriage of the respondent’s sister. She also failed to file any receipt from the temple for their marriage. She further deposed that after their marriage they lived together at
Madanapalle for a period of three years and later they shifted their family to
Chadalla village at her mother’s residence and lived for a period of three years and again they came to Punganur and resided in the rented house at A.V.Rao
Street. She admitted that in the voters’ list of 1993, 1995, 2006, the name of the respondent has not mentioned by showing him that she is wife of respondent.
But the name of father of the 1st petitioner is mentioned in the voters list. She admitted that she is getting salary of Rs.3,700/- per month as Anganwadi 6 worker. She did not submit any salary certificate. She denied all the remaining suggestions put by the counsel for the respondent.
9. The respondent himself examined as RW-1 and Exs. R-1 to R-6 marked. RW-1 deposed that he knows the 1st petitioner since 25 years . There are disputes in between himself and mother of PW-1, 20 years back. Since he lent money to the mother of PW-1. He admitted that the case filed by PW-1 against him under Sec. 498-A IPC convicted him by this court, preferring appeal , etc., facts. He denied that he got married with the 1st petitioner at Eswara temple in Sri Kalahasti on 11-41990 that to safe guard the interests of his unmarried sister married PW-1 secretly and also denied that he put up family with PW-1 at Basinikonda and thereafter at Chadalla and thereafter at A.V.Rao
Street Punganur. He also denied that on 12-12-2007, he married second time.
He voluntarily says that the marriage was his first marriage and he deposed that he do not know whether the joint photos of himself and PW-1 are filed before this court. He further deposed he is not having habit of taking photos with unknown ladies. He further deposed that as he is a politician on some occasions, he can take photos with unknown persons also. He deposed that he is a Law graduate and he was also enrolled as Advocate in Bar counsel of Hyderabad but due to cultivation and political affairs he could not practice as an Advocate.
He also denied that he is getting annual income of Rs.15,00,000/- by way of cultivation and politics.
10. RW-2- M.Venkatrami Reddy deposed in his chief-examination deposed that the respondent is a family friend of the 1st petitioner’s mother and the respondent used to help financially to the mother of the 1st petitioner and he further deposed that the respondent and PW-1 is not having any relationship.
But where as in his cross-examination he deposed totally a different version that he do not know the family back-ground of the respondent and he do not know tht the respondent is a family friend of the mother of PW-1 and he do not know that the marriage of PW-1 and the respondent was performed. So in view of the 7 cross-examination of RW-2, his evidence is not reliable to support the version of RW-1. Hence the evidence of RW-2 cannot be given much credence and it will not support the version of RW-1.
11. Upon assessment of evidence and on appreciation of facts and circumstances emerging from the record , Pw-1 deposed that she married the respondent on 11-4-1990 at Eswaratemple Sri Kalahasti and later they lived happily for some period, during their wedlock the petitioners 2 and 3 were begotten. When the respondent married one Rahitha on 12-12-2007, he completely neglected the petitioners 1 to 3 and he has not provided any food, clothing and shelter, even though he is having sufficient means. As such, the petitioners 1 to 3 are entitled to claim maintenance from the respondent.
12. To support her version, she filed Exs. P-1 to P-7 documents. As seen from Exs.P-1 to P-7 , the name of the respondent is shown as husband of
PW-1. PW-1 has not examined any of the witnesses to support her version. But the documents filed by PW-1 ie., Ex.P-3 – Ration card clearly shows that the respondent is the husband of PW-1 and father of Petitioners 2 and 3. Ex.P-4
Sterilization certificate issued by Dr. Prabhakar, Vijaya Nursing Home,
Punganur, shows that the respondent is the husband of PW-1. Ex.P-4-
Progress report of 2nd petitioner shows that he is the father of 2nd petitioner and he signed in the progress report at signature of the “parent column”. Ex.P-6 voters list of Punganur for the year 2013 and at page 39 at Sl., No. 1107, the name of respondent is shown as husband of PW-1. Ex.P-2 is the joint photo and negative of PW-1 and Respondent .
13. The respondent denied the marriage with PW-1 and he also denied that the petitioners 2 and 3 are their children. To support his case, he filed Exs.
R-1 to R-6. Ex.R-1 is the voters list of Punganur for the year 1993 and Ex.R-2 is the relevant entry at Sl.No. 383 by showing that PW-1 is the daughter of David.
Ex.R-3 is the voters list of Punganur for the year 1995. Ex.R-4 is the relevant entry at Sl.No.317 showing PW-1 is the daughter of David. Ex.R-5 is the voters 8 list of Punganur for the year 2006. Ex.R-6 is the relevant entry at Sl.No. 636 by showing that PW-1 is the daughter of Chinnapa Reddy.
14. Basing on the material available on record, it is true that in order to succeed in an application filed for maintenance under Sec. 125 Cr.P.C, it is incumbent on the applicant to prove first of all that she is the legally wedded wife of the respondent. Unquestionably it is the first statutory pre-requisite so as to succeed oneself, as a wife to claim maintenance under Sec. 125 of the Code.
Apart from plain reading of the Provision of the Sec. 125 of the Code, it is very settled that the expression 'wife' under Sec. 125 of the Code means , legally wedded wife. Therefore , there is no dispute about the fact in order to succeed in a claim for maintenance under Sec. 125 of Cr.P.C, the applicant who is claiming to be a wife have to show that she is legally wedded wife. But we have to observe the factum of marriage with the required degree of proof for claiming maintenance under Sec. 125 Code of Criminal Procedure could be established even in the absence of such documentary evidence. The factum of marriage attracts presumption and it is in accordance with law, for the purpose of qualifying oneself and claiming maintenance under Sec. 125 of the Code.
Keeping in the mind, very purport underlined design of Sec. 125 of the Code, a lady claiming to be a wife has to show that she is legally wedded wife and this factum of marriage can be established by various circumstances including long stay between the parties and marital enjoyment between them and parties are taken to have been living as such as spouses by the society. If this is established it is sufficient to presume marital status between the parties for the limited purpose of qualifying oneself to claim maintenance under Sec. 125 of the
Code of Criminal Procedure. A husband cannot deny the claim of maintenance of his wife on the ground that the marriage is not established strictly and as such wife is not entitled to claim maintenance under Sec. 125 of the Code.
15. It is settled principle of law that in proving a marriage in proceedings under Sec. 125 Cr.P.C which is a civil nature, the standard of proof 9 need not be as high as required in the criminal prosecution by bigamous marriage under Sec. 494 IPC. It is, therefore, very clear that in the case for maintenance under Sec. 125 of the Cr.P.C, it is not necessary that the marriage should be established as required under Sec. 494 IPC.
16 Sec. 125 of Cr.P.C is a measure of social justice and specially enacted to protect women and children or parents who are victims of social environment.
The scope of Sec. 125 Cr.P.C has been exhaustively dealt with by
Sri Krishna Iyer, J in Ramesh Chander Kaushal Vs M/s Veena Kaushal,
AIR 1978, S.C. 1807 at Paragraph 9 of the said Judgment, it is observed that “ This provision is a measure of social justice and specially enacted to protect women and children and falls within the constituted sweep of Article 15 (3) re-enforced by article 39, we have no doubt that Sections of statues calling for construction of courts are not petrified print, but vibrant words with social functions to fulfill. The brooding presence of the constitutional empathy for the weaker Sections like women and children must inform interpretation if it has to have social relevance. So viewed, it is possible to be selective in picking out that interpretation out of two alternatives which advances the Cause of the derelictions. “The provisions under Sec. 125 of is not be utilized or defeating the rights conferred by the legislature to the destitute women, children or parents who are victims of social environment the decision of criminal court that there was marriage and that it was a valid marriage will not operate as decisive in any Civil proceedings between the parties for determining those questions.
17 As seen from the evidence of PW-1 and her documents , there is no direct evidence that there is valid marriage in between PW-1 and respondent.
18 No persons were examined by PW-1 to support her case, to prove that there is a valid marriage in between PW-1 and respondent. But , PW-1 contended that there is a valid marriage performed in between her and respondent on 11-12-1990 at Eswara Temple of Sri Kalahasti and during their 1 wedlock, petitioners 2 and 3 were begotten. The respondent denied the marriage, but he admitted that he is having acquaintance with the family of PW-1 from his child hood. He also admitted that PW-1 filed a criminal case under Sec.
498-A IPC against him and the same was ended in conviction in
C.C.No.114/2008 on the file of this court and he also admitted that he preferred an appeal before the appellate court and the same was partly allowed. Ex.P-7 is the certified copy of Judgment in Criminal Appeal 5 /2012 on the file of the
Hon'ble II Addl. District Judge, Madanapalle.
19The main contention of respondent is that there is no valid marriage between him and PW-1 and the documents filed by PW-1 is created and self- styled documents. In support of his case, he filed Exs.R-1 to R-6. It shows that PW-1 is the daughter of David and the counsel for the respondent vehemently argued that if the marriage is happened in the year 1990, the name of the respondent ought to have shown as the husband of PW-1, but it was not find place in the documents Exs. R-1 to R-6 to show that the respondent was the husband of PW-1. The case of PW-1 is that the respondent married her secretly to avoid the impediments which will be caused for his sister's marriage. So the respondent married PW-1 secretly at Sri Kalahasti as per the version of PW-1.
The evidence of PW-1 and the documents Exs. P-1 to P-7 clearly shows that the respondent is the husband of PW-1 and father of Petitioners 2 and 3. We have already observed the findings of the Hon'ble Apex court that the factum of proof of marriage is not so high under Sec. 125 Code of Criminal Procedure As seen from the record, the maintenance petition was filed in the year 2012 and the marriage of PW-1 and respondent was performed in the year 1990. As per the
Hindu customs and traditions, no woman will come forward by claiming a person to be her husband and the father of her children, if really there is no marriage, previous acquaintance , relationship or long stay between them. Here, in this case, admittedly, PW-1 already filed a criminal case against the respondent and also she filed this maintenance petition. So it is presumed that there is a 1 relationship of husband and wife among PW-1 and respondent and also the documents which were filed by PW-1 also clearly shows that the respondent is the husband of PW-1 and father of Petitioners 2 and 3.
20. By virtue of the above mentioned provisions and observations and as per the evidence of PW-1, RW-1 and the documents Exs.P-1 to P-7 and
Exs.R-1 to R-6, this court is satisfied that there is a valid marriage, between the 1st petitioner and respondent. So, basing on the object of Sec. 125 of Cr.P.C to prevent starvation and vagrancy of persons unable to maintain themselves should be paid maintenance and maintenance allowances. Therefore the 1st petitioner is the legally wedded wife of the respondent. Hence this point is answered in favour of the petitioners and against the respondent.
21 POINT No. 2 :-
Now let us see whether there is any negligence or refusal on the part of the respondent in maintaining the petitioners. As per the evidence of
PW-1, the respondent married one B.Rahita on 12-12-2007 and since then he completely neglected the petitioners 1 to 3, harassed them, illtreated them and not provided any food clothing and shelter. When PW-1 approached the respondent, he beat and manhandled here. To that effect, PW-1 also filed a criminal case in C.C. 114/2012 before the Addl. Junior Civil Judge, Punganur.
The respondent was also admitted that PW-1 filed a case against him, under
Sec. 498-A IPC. Hence it seems that the respondent even did not take any steps to dissolve his matrimonial disputes as well as to provide any maintenance to
PW-1 and Petitioners 2 and 3. So it clearly shows that the respondent neglected and refused to maintain the petitioners 1 to 3. Hence this point is answered in favour of the petitioners and against the respondent.
22 POINT NO.3:-
As seen from the evidence of PW-1, she admitted that she is working as an Anganwadi Worker and getting an income of Rs.2,200/- per month and she is paying house rent of Rs.2,000/- per month, the petitioners 2 and 3 are 1 majors as on the date of giving evidence by PW-1, before the court and they are studying D- Pharmacy and Chartered Accountant courses respectively. If we see the evidence of RW-1 , he is a Law graduate and he is having political influence and he hold several posts in politics and at the same time he is having vast lands and doing agricultural works. Therefore, no doubt, PW-1 is working as an Anganwadi worker and getting salary of Rs.2,200/- per month, but that amount itself is sufficient to pay house rent only. The petitioners 2 and 3 are studying higher studies. So, PW-1 is not having capacity to maintain the educational career of petitioners 2 and 3 and basic needs of PW-1 and her children. So the petitioners are unable to maintain themselves. Hence this point is answered in favour of the petitioners and against the respondent.
23 POINT NO.4 :-
Coming to source of income of the respondent, PW-1 deposed that the respondent is a landlord and having vast landed properties and also having own tractor for his agricultural purposes. He is a Law graduate having political career as a politician. But, to prove the same, PW-1 has not filed any documentary proof to show that the respondent is a landlord and having vast landed property. Even though PW-1 has not filed any document, with regard to property of respondent, it is bounden duty of every husband to maintain his wife and children as per income and his social status. The 1st petitioner is having two children and due to high prices and high cost of living now a days, her salary of Rs.2,200/- per month is not sufficient to maintain herself and her children ie., petitioners 2 and 3. Hence, the petitioners 1 to 3 are entitled for the maintenance. On considering the facts and circumstances and also financial status, this court feels that it is just and reasonable to award monthly maintenance of Rs.2,000/- to the 1st petitioner from the date of filing of this petition.
24. As seen from the evidence of Pw-1 , Petitioners 2 and 3 are majors as on the date of giving her evidence, before this court. If we see Sec.
1 125 Code of Criminal Procedure the major children are not entitled to claim maintenance. Here, in this case the petitioners 2 and 3 are majors. Therefore the petitioners 2 and 3 are not entitled to claim for maintenance from the respondent., but at the time of filing of this petition, the petitioners 2 and 3 are minors. Hence, the petitioners 2 and 3 are also entitled to claim maintenance for an amount of Rs.2,000/- per month to each petitioner, till the date of their attaining majority only, by filing arrears maintenance petition before the court, subject to production of the date of birth certificate, along with the arrears maintenance petition, for consideration. The point is answered accordingly.
25 In the result, the petition is partly allowed, directing the respondent to pay an amount of Rs.2,000/- per month to the 1st petitioner towards maintenance from the date of filing of this petition and further the respondent is also directed to pay Rs.2,000/- per month to the petitioners 2 and 3 from the date of this petition ie., 11-6-2012, till the date of their attaining majority, subject to filing date of birth certificate.
Dictated to the Personal Assistant , transcribed by him, corrected and
pronounced by me in open court on this the 16th day of April, 2015..
sd/- xxxxxxxxxx
JUDICIAL MAGISTRATE OF 1 CLASS.
PUNGANUR
APPENDIX OF EVIDENCE.
WITNESSES EXAMINED FOR
PETITIONERS : - RESPONDENT:-
PW-1- B.Pramakumari, RW-1- B. Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy, RW-2- N.Vekatramana.
EXHIBITS MARKED FOR
PETITIONERS :-:
Ex.P.1: 28-12-2012: Certified copy of Judgment in CC.No. 114/2008 on the file of
Addl. Jr. Civil Judge, Punganur .
Ex.P-2 : -- : Photographs with negatives of the petitioner and respondent.
.
Ex.P.3 : -- : House –hold card of the petitioner.
Ex.P-4 : 17-3-1999 : Sterilization certificate issued by Dr P.Prabhakar,
Vijaya Nursing Home, Punganur.
1
Ex.P-5 -- :; Progress card of B.Pallavi Issued by Viswabharathi
School, Punganur.
Ex.P-6 : -- Voters list, 2013 for Rajampeta M.P. elections.
Ex.P-7 :25-10-2012 : Judgment in Criminal Appeal No. 5/2012 on the file of the
Hon’ble II Addl. District and Sessions Judge, Madanapalle. .
RESPONDENT:-
Ex.R.1: Voters list of the year 1993 for Punganur Assembly constituency.
Ex.R-2 : Serial Nos. 382 and 383 in page No.3 in Ex.R-1.
Ex.R-3 : Voters list for the year 1995 for Punganur Assembly constituency.
Ex.R-4: Serial No. 316, 317 in Page No.2 of Ex.R-3,
Ex.R-5 : Voters list of Chadalla Grama Panchayath for the year, 2006 ,
Ex.R-6 : Sl. No. 635, 336 in Page No.8 of Ex.R-5.
sd/- xxxxxxxxxx
JUDICIAL MAGISTRATE OF 1 CLASS.
PUNGANUR