Mr. Patel, being a police officer, receives a complaint that Raju was involved in a robbery of bank property and helped to hide valuables in his farm, as stated by villagers. With this regard: (1) The Police Officer Mr. Patel may arrest Raju without warrant when Raju can be arrested only if he commits a non-cognizable offence in the presence of Mr. Patel. (2) Since the reasonable complaint against Raju has been received and strong suspicion exists, he can be immediately arrested. (3) Raju can be arrested only when he tries to escape or run away. (4) Raju can be arrested to prevent him from making inducement, threat, or promise to witnesses.
Explanation & Strategy
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Robbery is a cognizable offence, so statement (1) is wrong — non-cognizable offence logic doesn't apply. Statement (2) is correct because a reasonable complaint with strong suspicion justifies warrantless arrest in cognizable cases. Statement (3) is wrong — escape is one ground but not the only ground. Statement (4) is correct because preventing witness intimidation/inducement is an expressly recognized ground for arrest under the BNSS, reflecting the law's emphasis on protecting the integrity of investigation.
BNSS S.35 expands on CrPC S.41 with more structured guidelines on when arrest is necessary, incorporating the D.K. Basu guidelines.