The minimum number of Judges who are to sit for the purpose of deciding any case involving a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution or for the purpose of hearing any reference under Article 143 shall be ______
Explanation & Strategy
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Article 145(3) requires a minimum bench of 5 judges for cases involving substantial questions of constitutional interpretation or references under Article 143 (Presidential reference for advisory opinion). Regular cases need just 2-3 judges, but constitutional questions demand a larger bench for authoritative interpretation.