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II ACJ (JD) - AJMFC, TPT
1 C.C. No.174/2009
IN THE COURT OF II ADDL. CIVIL JUDGE (JUNIOR DIVISION) CUM
II ADDL. JUDICIAL MAGISTRATE OF I CLASS, TIRUPATI
PRESENT: SRI. P. KOTESWARA RAO, II Addl. Civil Judge (Junior Division) Cum II Addl. Judicial Magistrate Of I Class, Tirupati
Wednesday, this the 06th day of May, 2026
C.C.No. 174 of 2009
Between:-
The State represented by the Drugs Inspector, Tirupati. … Complainant
And:-
S.Raghunathan, S/o Subramanyam, Proprietor M/s Tecnomed Pharmaceuticals, 89-90, Mahiea, Industrial Estate, Uranganpatti, Madurai, Tamilnadu state. …. Accused.
This case is coming before this Court for final on 06.05.2026 hearing in the presence of Learned Assistant Public Prosecutor for the State and of
Sri P.V. Sathya Srinivasan, Learned Counsel for the Accused and upon perusing the evidence and material papers on record and having heard and stood over for consideration till this day, the Court delivered the following: -
J U D G M E N T
The Drug Inspector, Tirupati filed Complaint against the Accused for the offences punishable under Sections 18(a)(i) punishable under section 27(d) of the Drugs and Cosmetic Act.
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2. The case of the prosecution as per the Complaint in brief are as follows:-
On 18.05.2006 LW1 – M.V.S.S.Prasad, Drugs Inspector inspected the whole sale medical shop M/s Sapthagiri Enterprises, D.No. 10-5-529, Dodda puram Street, Tirupati and during inspection he picked up sample of
MUCOSOME tablets, Batch No. MU-004 with manufacture date 11/2005 and expiry date 10/2008, manufactured by accused company, for analysis along with another drug in the presence of LW2 -B.Rajendra Reddy, LW1 picked up 4 X 6 X 10 tablets of MUCOSOME tablets, divided in to four portions, sealed with seal of LW1
It is further submitted that on 18.05.2006, LW1 sent one sealed sample portion MUCOSOME tablets to Government analyst, Hyderabad for analysis and that on 25.01.2007 LW3 - B.Suresh babu, received analysis report from the Government analyst, Hyderabad along with covering letter declaring the sample as "Not of Standard Quality for the reason that sample does not meet
IP specification under disintegration test for uncoated tablets”. On 25.01.2007
LW3 served a copy of analytical report to M/s Sapthagiri and on 29.01.2007
LW2 submitted reply along with attested copy of purchase bill of subject
MUCOSOME tablets, stating that the same is purchased from M/s Technomed
Pharmaceuticals, Vijayawada vide invoice no:143-R dt:15-12-2005 and enclosed attested copy of purchase bill.
It is further submitted that on 05.02.2007, LW3 sent a letter to M/s
Tecnomed Pharmaceuticals, Vijayawada along with a copy of analytical report and one sealed sample portion of 6 x 10 tablets of MUCOSOME tablets and on 09.03.2007, LW3 received letter dt; 03.03.2007 of LW4 - CH. Krishna
Murthy Kuppaswamy / Managing partner of M/s Tecnomed Pharmaceuticals,
Vijayawada acknowledging the said letter. On 21.04.2007 LW5 - Y.V.V.
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Sathyanarayana sent a letter along with a copy of analytical report to M/s
Technomed Pharmaceuticals, Vijayawada to furnish purchase particulars of subject MUCOSOME tablets and on 30.04.2007, LW4 sent a letter along with attested copies of transfer challans MUCOSOME tablets issued by accused company.
It is further submitted that on 07.07.2007, LW5 addressed a letter to A1
Company along with a copy of analytical report to furnish records of manufacture and analysis of subject MUCOSOME tablets and on 25.10.2007 of A1 Company sent reply with documents to LW5 viz., manufacture, analysis and distribution particulars and license copies of subject MUCOSOME tablets and LW5 in turn submitted the same to the Director, Drugs Control
Administration, Hyderabad giving full details of the case. It is evidence that
S.Ragunathan, Proprietor and manufacturing chemist of accused company is responsible for Manufacture of subject MUCOSOME tablets and hence violated section 18 (a) (i) of Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 punishable under section 27 (d) of the Act.
3.In this case, cognizance is taken for the offence punishable under section 18(a)(i) punishable under section 27(d) of the Drugs and Cosmetic Act against the Accused and issued summons.
4.On appearance of the Accused, copies of case documents as contemplated under sec.207 of Cr.P.C were furnished to him.
5.On appearance of the Accused, they were examined under section 251 Cr.P.C for the substance of allegations leveled against him by explaining the contents of Complaint, for which he pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried. Hence, the case is posted for trial.
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6.To prove its case, the prosecution has examined PW1 and PW2 and got marked Ex.P1 to P14 and MO1.
7. On closure of prosecution evidence, the Accused was examined under section 313 Cr.P.C for the incriminating material appearing against him in the prosecution evidence by explaining the same, to which he denied the same and stated that he has no defence evidence.
8.Heard the arguments of both sides and perused the material on record.
9. Now the points for determination are, “Whether the prosecution be able to prove the case against the Accused for the offence punishable under Sections 18(a)(i) r/w 27(d) of the Drugs and Cosmetic Act beyond all reasonable doubt ?”
10. POINT:
It is the main crux of the case that when PW1 inspected M/s Sapthagiri
Enterprises, he collected 240 tables of Mucosome tablets an Zincolac capsules and sent MO1/samples for the purpose of analysis and thereafter,
PW2 received the analytical report vide Ex.P8 opined that “subject Drug was
not of standard quality since the sample does not meet the IP
Specification under disintegration test for uncoated tablets” and when he issued notice to said M/s Sapthagiri Enterprises, he came to know that accused company is the manufacture of said drugs and hence, he file the present complaint against the accused.
11.The Learned APP submitted arguments that the prosecution able to prove the case against the Accused beyond all reasonable doubt by examining PW1 and PW2 coupled with Ex.P1 to P14 and MO1. Further
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5 C.C. No.174/2009 submitted that the plea taken by the Accused is unsupported by any evidence, hence cannot be believed and prayed to convict the Accused.
12.On the other hand, the Learned Counsel for the Accused submitted arguments that the Accused did not commit any offence and there is no independent evidence in this case, the prosecution failed to prove the case against the Accused beyond all reasonable doubt, hence prayed to acquit the
Accused.
13.As already stated above, in order to bring home the guilt of accused for the alleged offence, the prosecution has examined PW1 and PW2 and got marked Exs.P1 to P14 and MO1. PW1 is the Drug Inspector / defacto complainant on whose report, the present crime has been registered. PW2 is the another drug inspector who took up further investigation.
14.Now, it is to be seen whether the evidence available on record is sufficient to bring home the guilt of accused for the offences under charge.
The testimonies of all the prosecution witnesses are very much available on record in the shape of depositions and there is no need to re- produce the same in this judgment to avoid repetition. I have gone through the entire evidence of prosecution witnesses, exhibits marked and other material available on record. Hence, the appreciation of evidence of prosecution witnesses is directly proceeded with as follows, under different heads.
15.The prosecution in order to establish its case has relied on the evidence of PW1 and PW2.
It is the evidence of PW1 that on 18.05.2006, he went to M/s Sapthagiri
Enterprises situated at D.No.10-5-529, Doddapuram Street, Tirupati for inspection and at that time LW2 / B.Rajendra Reddy being partner of the shop
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6 C.C. No.174/2009 is present and doing Drug Business and during inspection, he took 240 tablets of Mucosome tablets batch Number MU-044 manufactured by accused company M/s Tecnomed Pharmaceuticals, Madurai among the Drugs stocked for sale and he also picked up another Drug namely Zincolac capsules for the purpose of analysis in the presence of LW2, properly packed Mucosome
Tablets in four packets in four portions in 60 tablets / MO1, paid cost of the samples Rs.620/-, obtained cash receipt / Ex. P3 and handed over one sample portion to LW2 / B.Rajendra Reddy under EX. P4 acknowledgment.
It is his further evidence that on the same day, he sent one portion of the sample Mucosome Tablets to the Government Analyst, Drug Control
Laboratory along with Form-18 having his specimen seal for analysis through registered parcel and sent another copy of Form -18 / Ex.P5 along with his covering letter / Ex.P6 separately to the Government Analyst, Drug Control
Laboratory, Hyderabad
16.Similarly, it is the evidence of PW2 that on 25.01.2007, he has received Ex. P8 analytical report from Government Analyst, which reveals that the “subject Drug was not of standard quality since the sample does not meet the IP Specification under disintegration test for uncoated tablets”. It is his further evidence that on the same day i.e., 25.01.2007, he served notice / Ex.
P9 to M/s Sapthagiri Enterprises and requested to produce the procurement details in respect of subject drug and on 29.01.2007, he received Ex. P10 reply letter, dated 29.01.2007 from M/s Sapthagiri Enterprises, Tirupati stating that subject drug procured from M/s Technomed Pharmaceuticals along with invoice No.143-R, dated 15.12.2005 / Ex. P11 towards purchase of subject drug.
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7 C.C. No.174/2009 ii.It is his further evidence that he addressed Ex.P12 letter, dated 05.02.2007 to Technomed Pharmaceuticals, Vijayawada along with one sealed sample portion of subject drug and analytical report and requested to produce procurement and distribution and other particulars related subject drug and on 09.03.2007, he received Ex.P13 reply letter, dated 03.03.2007 from M/s Tecnomed Pharmaceuticals, Vijayawada along with photostat copy of their Drug License and informed that they have procured the drug from manufacturer M/s Technomed, vide Challan Nos.64, dated 25.11.2005, 65,
dated 05.12.2005 and 66, dated 08.12.2005.
17. The main stay of the prosecution case is that PW1 who is the Drug
Inspector of Tirupati visited the shop of LW2 M/s Sapthagiri Enterprises,
Tirupati on 18.05.2006 and picked up a sample of Mucosome tablets and
Zincolac capsules for test analysis and sent to Government Analyst, Drugs
Control Laboratory, Hyderabad and later the sample was declared as “not of standard quality for the reason that the sample did not comply test for disintegration test for uncoated tablets. The Accused is the Manufacturer of said drugs.
18.To substantiate the same, the prosecution relied on the evidence of PW1 and 2 and Ex.P1 to P14 and MO1, as stated supra. Firstly, the said
Drugs Inspector i.e., PW1, who visited the premises of LW2 on the alleged date and found the subject drug being sold in the premises of LW2 which is purchased from the Accused firm declared as of not of standard quality was expired by the date of evidence. The other Drug Inspector / PW2 deposed
before the Court about the investigation done by him in the case and PW1
also done part of investigation of the case.
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19.When testify the above evidence, it is an admitted fact that PW1 and PW2 as Drug Inspectors, mandated the procedure under their designatory position. Nothing was elicited during the cross examination of
PW1, except denying the suggestions posed by the learned counsel for the accused. However, PW2 during his cross examination, he deposed that he received case record from PW1 and that PW1 sent both the samples for analysis and he received analytical report only in respect “not of standard quality only for the subject drug”. PW2 further deposed that he do not remember whether he received analytical report in respect of another drug or not and that the subject drug failed in respect of Designation test for uncoated tablets as for IP specifications. He further deposed that in general, the Drugs shall be kept in specified temperature as per the instructions mentioned in a particular drug and that he has not seen the sample of the drug, since it was packed condition. He further deposed that he has only gone through the analytical report. He admitted that the invoice vide Ex.P.11 is pertaining to the year 2005. He denied that the subject drug failed only because of not keeping the subject drug in a specified atmosphere. He further deposed that it is clearly mentioned in Form-17 that the subject drug was kept in specified atmosphere and that the specification of atmosphere in which the drug was kept is not detailed in Form-17.
20.A perusal of record discloses that PW1 and PW2 are the notified
Drugs Inspectors under Ex.P1 and P7 and they are having jurisdiction over the entire State of Andhra Pradesh and in particular at Tirupati as they were holding the post of Drugs Inspector, Tirupati at the relevant time. Further the said aspect is not in dispute. Therefore, PW1 and PW2 are competent to conduct inspection of the shop in question and to file the present complaint against the accused company.
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21.Except PW1 and PW2, no independent witnesses were examined by the prosecution. Both the witnesses nowhere in their respective evidences stated about the efforts made by them in securing the mediators at the time their inspection from the vicinity. The prosecution is silent on this material aspect, as to why the independent witnesses are not examined to substantiate the version of PW1 and PW2. When the independent witnesses are not examined to support the prosecution case, it is highly unsafe to rely on the evidence of PW1 and PW2 who are Officials, interested in the outcome of prosecution case.
22.At this juncture, the learned counsel for the accused vehemently argued that PW1 and PW2 did not follow the procedure as contemplated in search process and hence, the evidence of PW1 and PW2 are not relied upon. Further argued that though PW1 took samples of two types of medicines, but report received for only one type of medicine.
Further argued that though the seized medicines are sent on 18.05.2006, the analyst report received on 20.01.2007 and there is no information on which date the analysis took place and whether said medicines are kept intact with relevant atmosphere, if so, the result of analysis will differ.
Further argued that Ex.P11 receipt shows that the medicines in question was shipped for 500 quantity, but billed for only 400 quantities and there is no evidence on difference of 100 quantity.
Further argued that the drug inspector vide Ex.P12 sent a letter to accused firm to furnish documents regarding license, validity and there is no evidence on this aspect from the mouth of prosecution witness, which is fatal to the case of prosecution. All these unerringly shows the defective on the part of the prosecution witness and prayed to acquit the accused.
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23.In order to strengthen the said version, it is evident that PW1 and
PW2 failed to secure the independent witnesses at the time of alleged inspection and seizure during the process of investigation, which mandates under the provisions of Cr.P.C.. Moreover, it is evident that the Drugs Inspector who is the complainant / LW5 of the case has not followed proper procedure of search and seizure as per Cr.P.C. No signatures of independent witnesses of the locality were taken at the time of seizing of the subject drug from the premises of LW2. No employees of the premises were shown as witnesses in support of the case. Therefore, sincere efforts were not made by either PW1 or LW5 to secure mediators in support of the case, which is fatal to the case of prosecution.
24.Coming to the arguments raised by the learned counsel for the accused, as above, it is pertinent to discuss the same one by one. As per the evidence of PW1 and Ex.P2, PW1 took two types of samples i.e., Zincolak and Mucosome tablets from the shop of LW2 and they are seized by PW1.
When perused the Ex.P6 Form-18, it is observed that only Mucosome tablets are sent to the Govt. Analyst for analysis. It is further observed that the manufacturing date of said medicine is November, 2005 and Expiry date is
October, 2008, manufactured by the accused company. However, upon perusal of Ex.P7 and P8, PW1 received analysis report opined that the sample referred i.e., Mucosome tablets are “not of standard quality”. Be that as it may, when PW1 took samples of two types of tablets, why they sent only one type of tablet for analysis by withholding the second sample tablet. There is no information regarding the result / quality of said second medicine ie..
Zincolak. The prosecution witnesses are silent on this material aspect.
However, PW2 during his cross examination deposed that he received case record from PW1 and that PW1 sent both the samples for analysis and he
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11 C.C. No.174/2009 received analytical report only in respect “not of standard quality only for the subject drug”. But, Ex.P6 Form-18, shows only one tablet i.e., Mucosome tablets. Very surprisingly, PW2 during his cross examination deposed that he do not remember whether he received analytical report in respect of another drug or not and that the subject drug failed in respect of Designation test for uncoated tablets as for IP specifications, which is fatal to the case of prosecution. There arise a reasonable doubt in the evidence of PW1 and PW2 regarding seizure of number of medicines.
25.Coming to the second aspect that as per Ex.P2, said medicines in question are seized on 18.05.2006 and the Govt. analyst report was received on 20.01.2007 vide Ex.P8. Upon perusal of Ex.P8, there is no information on which date the analysis was taken place and whether said medicines are kept intact within relevant atmosphere. It is pertinent to mention that the subject drug being a medicine requires specific temperature for its storage and effectiveness. PW1 after seizure of the same, sent the same for test analysis and report. So the aspect whether said medication received by the expert was fit for test analysis has to be ascertained before declaring it as of non-standard quality. Moreover, whether the said medicines are underwent test within required time with specific atmosphere or not, which is silent in the above case.
26.It is evident from the record vide Ex.P11 bill that 500 number of quantity of the medicines were shipped, but the number of billed quantity shows that only 400 were billed. There is no evidence on the difference 100 units. Seems that the investigation was not done on these lines. The discrepancy in the number of drugs seized was not explained by either PW1 of PW2 in their cross-examination.
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27.The other aspect is that regarding the validity of the documents to be furnished by the accused firm. As per Ex.P12, PW2 asked to furnish the documents and in turn the accused also furnished the same vide Ex.P13, but there is no evidence on record as to the said documents possess validity or not.
28.At this juncture, the learned counsel for the accused vehemently argued that though the prosecution is able to produce the above witnesses, but failed to examine the crucial witness i.e., LW5 / Y.V.V.V. Sathyanarayana,
Drug Inspector who alleged to speak about investigation and filing of the above case and without examining him, the alleged investigation falsifies the present case, which is fatal to the case of prosecution and the same is one among the serious lacuna on the part of the prosecution.
29.Admittedly, on perusal of records, it shows that the Drug Inspector officer / LW5 who filed the present complaint, was not examined by the prosecution. The learned APP filed a special report stating that LW5 was expired and to that effect, the death certificate is also filed and hence, the evidence of LW5 was closed. However, in absence of evidence of investigating officer and complainant of the present case, it nullifies the entire story narrated by the prosecution regarding involvement of the accused and alleged seizure. Moreover, the another aspect i.e., alleged seizure from the shop of LW2 also shows afterthought in the version of prosecution, as the said
LW2 also was not examined before this court to substantiate the version of prosecution, for the reasons best known.
30.Except PW1 and PW2, neither the independent witnesses nor the investigating Drug Inspector were not examined by the prosecution, as stated supra. The only evidence on hand i.e., PW1 and PW2 / Drug Inspectors,
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13 C.C. No.174/2009 nowhere in their respective evidences stated about the efforts made by them in securing the mediators at the time of inspection at the premises of LW2 shop. When the independent witnesses are not examined to support the prosecution case, it is highly unsafe to rely on the evidence of PW1 and PW2 alone who are Official, interested in the outcome of prosecution case.
Bounden duty casts upon the prosecution to prove its case against the accused beyond all reasonable doubts and until it proves its case, the accused shall be presumed as innocent of the offence. Seems no such acts were initiated by the prosecution. Moreover, there is no evidence on record regarding other allegation of commission of offence as alleged by the prosecution against the accused, except the evidence of PW1 and PW2, as discussed supra. Therefore the veracity and credibility of the prosecution witnesses is not believable and untrustworthy.
ii.Considering that the drug Inspectors / PW1 and PW2 have not followed proper procedure during the search and seizure in the above case, the same amounts to be defective in the process of investigation. Hence this
Court came to a conclusion that the prosecution failed to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt against Accused.
31.Mere presumptions nor assumptions are not sufficient to take adverse inference against the accused unless there is specific and substantive piece of evidence focused on accused guilty. No essential ingredients for the commission of offence were satisfactorily established. The prosecution failed to prove the guilt of the accused beyond all reasonable doubts and the benefit goes in favour of accused persons and they are entitled for acquittal. Accordingly, point is answered.
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14 C.C. No.174/2009 32. In the result, the Accused is found not guilty for the offence punishable under section 18(a)(i) r/w section 27(d) of Drugs and Cosmetic Act and he is acquitted under Section 255 (1) of Cr.P.C. The bail bonds of
Accused, if any, shall be in force for a period of six months as per Section 437-
A of Cr.P.C. MO1 shall be destroyed after expiry of appeal time or subject to appeal result.
Typed to my dictation by the Stenographer Gr.III, corrected and
pronounced by me in open court, this the 06 thday of May, 2026.
(Sd/- P. Koteswara Rao) II Addl. Civil Judge (Junior Division) cum II Addl. Judicial Magistrate of I Class, Tirupati.
APPENDIX OF EVIDENCE
WITNESSES EXAMINED
FOR PROSECUTION: FOR DEFENCE:
PW 1:M.V.S.S. Vara Prasad / Drug None Inspector
PW 2:B. Suresh Babu / Drug Inspector
EXHIBITS MARKED
FOR PROSECUTION:
Ex.P.1 is Gazette Notification, dated 12.12.1988.
Ex.P2 is the Form-17
EX. P3 is the Cash receipt issued by the Sapthagiri Enterprises.
Ex.P4 is the Acknowledgment.
Ex.P5 is the Form-18.
Ex.P6 is the covering letter.
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Ex.P7 is the GO.Ms.No.152, dated 21.05.1998.
Ex.P8 is the Analytical Report No.0062/DCL/2007, dated 20.01.2007.
Ex.P9 is Notice served on 25.01.2007 to M/S Sapthagiri Agency.
Ex.P10 is the Reply letter, dated 29.01.2007.
Ex.P11 is the Invoice No.143-R, dated 15.12.2005.
Ex.P12 is the Letter, dated 05.02.2007.
Ex.P13 is the Reply Letter, dated 03.03.2007.
Ex.P14 is the Bunch of three invoices of M/s Technomed, Madhurai.
FOR DEFENCE:
NIL
MATERIAL OBJECTS MARKED
MO1 : Sample portion of Mucosome tablets.
// True copy \\(Sd/- P. Koteswara Rao) II Addl. Civil Judge (Junior Division) cum II Addl. Judicial Magistrate of I Class, II Addl. Civil Judge (Junior Division) cum Tirupati. II Addl. Judicial Magistrate of I Class, Tirupati.
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16 C.C. No.174/2009
IN THE COURT OF II ADDL. CIVIL JUDGE (JUNIOR DIVISION) CUM
II ADDL. JUDICIAL MAGISTRATE OF I CLASS, TIRUPATI
Calender in C C.No.174 of 2009
Date of offence:18.05.2006
Date of complaint:29.12.2007
Date of cognizance taken:16.06.2009
Date of appearance of accused:06.08.2024
Date of commencement of trial:04.12.2024
Date of close of trial:06.05.2026
Date of Judgment:06.05.2026
Complainant : The State represented by the Drugs Inspector, Tirupati.
Description of the accused : S.Raghunathan, S/o Subramanyam, Proprietor M/s Tecnomed Pharmaceuticals, 89-90, Mahiea, Industrial Estate, Uranganpatti, Madurai, Tamilnadu state.
Nature of offence: u/Sec. 18(a)(i) r/w section 27(d) of Drugs and Cosmetic Act
Plea of the Accused:Not guilty
Finding of the Court: NOT GUILTY
Reasons for delay: Non appearance of the accused; in view of covid-19 pandemic; NBW pending on the accused. Sentence or Order : In the result, the Accused is found not guilty for the offence punishable under section 18(a)(i) r/w section 27(d) of Drugs and
Cosmetic Act and he is acquitted under Section 255 (1) of Cr.P.C. The bail bonds of Accused, if any, shall be in force for a period of six months as per
Section 437-A of Cr.P.C. MO1 shall be destroyed after expiry of appeal time or subject to appeal result.
// True copy \\(Sd/- P. Koteswara Rao) II Addl. Civil Judge (Junior Division) cum II Addl. Judicial Magistrate of I Class, II Addl. Civil Judge (Junior Division) cum Tirupati. II Addl. Judicial Magistrate of I Class, Tirupati.