IN THE COURT OF THE PRINCIPAL CIVIL JUDGE (JUNIOR DIVISION)::
MADANAPALLE.
Present: Sri V.VIJAYA KUMAR REDDY,
Principal Civil Judge (Junior Division),
Madanapalle.
Wednesday, the 12th day of February, 2025.
ORIGINAL SUIT No. 25 of 2021
Burra Gopinath, aged about 45 years, S/o late B.Siddappa, cultivation, R/at D.No.12-31, Kothavaripalle Village and Post, Madanapalle Mandal.
...Plaintiff
-Vs-
1. Nallappagari Eswaramma, aged about 55 years, W/o N.Pedda Reddeppa,
2. Nallappagari Eswaraiah, aged about 35 years, S/o Nallappagari Pedda Reddeppa, Both are R/at D.No.35, Cultivation, Upparapalle village, Pothabolu Post, Madanapalle Mandal,
3. Chittaiahgari Rukmini, aged about 31 years, W/o Chittalaiahgari Venkatesh, cultivation, Permanent resident of Upparapalle Village, Pothabolu Post, Madanapalle Mandal, Presently R/at D.No.216, Thammavaram Road, Charan Complex, Medarametla Village, Korisapadu Mandal, Prakasham District,
4. N.Amrutha, aged about 30 years, W/o C.S.Nanjundapalle Village, Chikkaballapur Taluk, Karnataka State.
...Defendants
This suit came up on 29.01.2025 before me for final hearing in the presence of Sri N.Nagi Reddy, learned Advocate for the Plaintiff and Sri B.Amaranatha Reddy, learned Advocate for defendants and upon perusing the material papers on the record and upon hearing the learned counsels, the matter having stood over for consideration till this day, this Court delivered the following:
:: J U D G M E N T ::
This is a suit filed by the plaintiff against the defendants to pass a decree and judgment in favour of the plaintiff and against the defendants for
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 2 / 13 OS No.25/2021 the relief of specific performance of contract directing the defendants to execute a regular registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff for the suit schedule property and failing which, the same may be effected through process of law and for costs of the suit and for other or further reliefs as this
Court deems fit and proper under the circumstances of the case in the interest of justice.
2.The brief facts of the amended plaint are as follows:
(a)That the suit schedule property is owned by the defendant Nos.1 to 4 having succeeded the same from their ancestors. The defendant Nos.1 to 4 offered to sell the suit schedule property to the plaintiff for valid consideration. The plaintiff accepted to purchase the suit schedule property from the defendant Nos.1 to 4 for consideration and thereafter, the terms and conditions were settled between the plaintiff and the defendants as follows:
1) The total consideration of the plaint schedule property was fixed at
Rs.4,25,000/-, 2) out of total consideration of Rs,.4,25,000/- the plaintiff has to pay a sum of Rs.4,00,000/- towards earnest amount, 3) the balance of sale consideration amount of Rs.25,000/- is to be paid within one year from the date of agreement of sale to be executed by the defendants in favour of the plaintiff, 4) in the event if the plaintiffs fails to pay the balance of sale consideration and obtained regular registered sale deed in his favour, the plaintiff is not entitled for the earnest amount paid by him, 5) in the event the defendants fails to come forward to execute the registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff though the plaintiff is ready to pay balance of sale consideration amount and obtained registered sale deed, the defendants are liable for civil and criminal action to be initiated by the plaintiff, and 6) the defendants assured the plaintiff that the property is free from all encumbrances and further assured that the defendants did not enter into any agreement of sale over the suit schedule property.
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 3 / 13 OS No.25/2021
b) That in accordance with the above said terms and conditions, on 10.09.2020, the plaintiff transferred a sum of Rs.4,00,000/- from her wife’s bank account bearing No.50025662679, Sapthagiri Gramaneena Bank, CTM to the account of the defendant No.1 bearing No.6819056676 through RTGS.
Thereafter, the defendant Nos. 1 to 4 executed agreement of sale in favour of the plaintiff on 15.09.2020 by incorporating the above said terms and conditions. The plaintiff demanded the defendant Nos.1 to 4 to execute registered sale deed after receiving balance of consideration of Rs.25,000/-, but the defendants postponed the same on one pretext or the other. On 21.12.2020, the plaintiff issued legal notice to the defendants through registered post demanding them to come over to the Sub-Registrar’s Office,
Madanapalle on 28.12.2020 and execute registered sale deed after receiving the balance of sale consideration. All the defendants received the legal notice, but they failed to execute resisted sale deed by coming over to the Sub-
Registrar’s Office, Madanapalle on 28.12.2020. The plaintiff received the acknowledgments of defendant Nos.1 to 4, but did not receive the postal acknowledgment of defendant No.1. and tracking the legal notice through official website of postal department, it revealed that the defendant No.4 received the legal notice.
c) That the plaintiff waited at Sub-Registrar’s Office, Madanapalle on 28.12.2020 to perform his part of contract and to obtain registered sale deed from the defendants in respect of the suit schedule property, but the defendants did not turn up. The plaintiff purchased non-judicial stamp from the office of SRO, Madanapalle to prove that he was available in Sub-Registrar’s
Office, Madanapalle to perform his part of contract on the day stipulated in the legal notice. The plaintiff is always ready and willing to perform his part of contract by paying balance of sale consideration amount of Rs.25,000/- and obtained registered sale deed with his cots. But, the defendants are not coming forward to perform their part of contract. Hence, the plaintiff is
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 4 / 13 OS No.25/2021 constrained to file the suit against the defendants for specific performance of the agreement of sale dt.15.09.2020 executed by the defendants in favour of the plaintiff.
3.The defendants filed their written statement admitting the execution of agreement sale dt.15.09.2020 on receiving of the earnest amount of Rs.4,00,000/-. But they denied to execute a regular registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff in furtherance of agreement of sale dt.15.09.2020 and they took the following contentions in their written statement:
a)The defendants submitted that as the plaintiff did not pay entire consideration amount, they have no need to appear before Sub-Registrar’s
Office, Madanapalled to register the document. That the plaintiff waited at
Sub-Registrar’s Office, Madanapalle on 28.12.2020 to perform his part of contract and obtain registered sale deed from the defendants in respect of the suit schedule property and the defendants did not turn up and the plaintiff purchased non-judicial stamp of Rs.100/- from the office of SRO, Madanapalle to prove that he was available in Sub-Registrar Office, Madanapalle to perform his part of contract on the day stipulated in the legal notice is not true and correct, and the plaintiff might have purchased the stamp paper to give colouring the document as if true and genuine. That after the agreement of sale, the plaintiff did not keep up his promise to pay entire sale consideration amount and now new National Highway road is under formation from
Madanapalle – Piler in the place of old National Highway. Now the value of the suit schedule property is more than Rs.10,00,000/-. In view of changed circumstances, if the plaintiff come forward to pay at least Rs.5,00,000/- in addition to balance of sale consideration the defendants are ready to execute the registered sale deed. There is no cause of action to the plaint and particulars of valuation are incorrect. The suit agreement is barred by limitation
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 5 / 13 OS No.25/2021 and it is unenforceable document and the said document is not properly stamped. Hence, the defendants prays to dismiss the suit with costs.
4.Basing on the averments in the plaint and written statement and after hearing the both counsels and after perusing the draft issued filed on behalf of the defendants, the following issues were settled for trial:
1. Whether the plaintiff failed to pay the balance of sale consideration within time agreed between the parties under the suit agreement as pleaded by the defendants or not?
2. Whether the suit agreement is true, valid and binding on the defendants or not?
3. To what result?
5.During trial, the plaintiff examined himself as PW-1 and the attestors of the agreement of sale dt.15.09.2020 as PWs.2 and 3 and got marked Exs.A1 to A4. Ex.A1 is the agreement of sale dt.15.09.2020 jointly executed by the defendant Nos.1 to 4 in favour of the plaintiff; Ex.A2 is the office copy of legal notice dt.21.12.2020 issued by the plaintiff to the defendants; Ex.A3 is the postal acknowledgments (3 in number), postal receipts and postal track record; and Ex.A4 is the Non-Judicial stamp worth
Rs.100/- dt.28.12.2020 purchased from SRO, Madanapalle. The 1st defendant herself examined as DW-1, the 4th defendant was examined as DW-2 and 3rd defendant was examined as DW-3. No documents were marked on behalf of the defendants.
6.Heard the learned counsel for the plaintiff and the defendants.
Perused the material available on record both oral and documentary evidence.
7.Issue No.1 :
The case of the plaintiff is that the suit schedule property is the ancestral property of the defendants and they succeeded to the same from their ancestors and offered to sell away the same property to the plaintiff for an amount of Rs.4,25,000/- and out of the total sale consideration, the plaintiff
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 6 / 13 OS No.25/2021 has paid earnest amount of Rs.4,00,000/- to the defendants by way of account transfer from his wife’s Bank account on 10.09.2020 and the defendants executed the Ex.A1 agreement of sale in his favour on 15.09.2020 by incorporating the terms and conditions and they further agreed to execute a regular registered sale deed in his favour within one year after receiving the balance consideration of Rs.25,000/- from the plaintiff, but the defendants postponed the same on some pretext or the other and that therefore, the plaintiff got issued Ex.A2 notice demanding the defendants to come over to the
Sub-Registrar’s Office, Madanapalle on 28.12.2020 and execute registered sale deed after receiving the balance of sale consideration, but the defendants failed to execute the same though they received Ex.A2 notice.
8.On the other hand, the version of the defendants is that the plaintiff did not keep up his promise to pay entire consideration amount and now new National Highway road is under formation from Madanapalle to Piler in the place of old National Highway and that the value of the plaint schedule property is more than Rs.10,00,000/- and in view of changed circumstances if the plaintiff come forward to pay at least Rs.5,00,000/- in addition to balance of sale consideration, the defendants are ready to execute registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff.
9.A perusal of the above, it is evident that the defendants have admitted the execution of Ex.A1 agreement of sale in favour of the plaintiff in respect of suit schedule property. The specific case of the defendants is that since, the plaintiff did not keep up his promise to pay entire consideration amount and as the price of the suit schedule property was escalated on account of formation of new National Highway road from Madanapalle to Piler in the place of old National Highway, they denied to execute registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff in furtherance of Ex.A1 agreement of sale and demanding him to pay at least Rs.5,00,000/- in addition to the balance of sale consideration. Since, the defendants have pleaded that the plaintiff did not
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 7 / 13 OS No.25/2021 keep up his promise to pay entire consideration and in view of the changed circumstances, the plaintiff did not entitle to specific performance of contract of
Ex.A1 agreement of sale, the burden lies on the plaintiff to prove that whether he was ready and willing to perform his part of contract.
10.In order to obtain a decree for specific performance, the plaintiff must aver and prove that he has performed his part of the contract and has always been ready and willing to perform the terms of the contract which are to be performed by him. Section 16(c) of the Specific Relief Act mandates ‘readiness and willingness’ of the plaintiff to be averred and proved and it is a condition precedent to obtain the relief of specific performance. The plaintiff in order to prove that he was always ready and willing to perform his part of contract examined himself as PW-1 and relied upon Exs.A2 to A4.
11.A perusal of the evidence of PW-1, it is evident that the PW-1 has stated in his evidence in-chief as that of his plaint averments. In the cross- examination of PW-1, it is evident that the PW-1 has stated that the balance of consideration payable to the defendants is Rs.25,000/- and he did not have
Rs.25,000/- with him on the date of Ex.A1 agreement of sale. Hence, it seems that the plaintiff did not pay the total sale consideration to the defendants as on the date of Ex.A1 agreement of sale on account of he did not have Rs.25,000/- with him. At this juncture, it is appropriate to refer the Ex.A1 agreement of sale.
A perusal of recitals of Ex.A1 agreement of sale, it indicates that the total sale consideration of the suit schedule property was fixed at Rs.4,25,000/- and the plaintiff paid a sum of Rs.4,00,000/- towards earnest amount and the defendants agreed to execute a regular registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff within one year after receiving the balance consideration of
Rs.25,000/-. Hence, it seems from the recitals of Ex.A1 agreement of sale one year time was stipulated to pay the balance consideration amount of
Rs.25,000/- to the defendants to get regular registered sale deed.
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 8 / 13 OS No.25/2021
12.As can be seen from the evidence on record, it is evident that the plaintiff demanded the defendants to execute a regular registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff after receiving the balance consideration of Rs.25,000/- but they postponed the same on one pretext or the other and that therefore, he got issued Ex.A2 notice. A perusal of Ex.A2 notice, it is evident that the plaintiff got issued the same on 20.12.2020 and demanded the defendants to come over to the Sub-Registrar’s Office, Madanapalle on 28.12.2020 and execute a registered sale deed after receiving the balance of sale consideration and the same notice was received by the defendants as is evident from Ex.A3, but the defendants did not come over to the Sub-Registrar’s Office, Madanapalle on 28.12.2020 though the plaintiff was attended as is evident from Ex.A4. It seems that the plaintiff went to the Sub-Registrar’s Office, Madanapalle on 28.12.2020 as specified in Ex.A2 notice and to mark his presence at the Sub-
Registrar’s Office, Madanapalle on the specified date he got purchased the
Ex.A4 Non-Judicial stamp from the Office of Sub-Registrar, Madanapalle.
Though the learned counsel for the defendants cross-examined the PW-1, nothing could be elicited from his evidence that the plaintiff was not ready and willing to perform his part of contract. It seems from the above evidence, the plaintiff got issued Ex.A2 notice within the stipulated period of one year from the date of Ex.A1 agreement of sale expressing his readiness and willingness to get a registered sale deed after paying the balance consideration of
Rs.25,000/- to defendants, but the defendants did not come forward to execute a registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff in furtherance of Ex.A1 agreement of sale. Hence, this Court is of view that the version of defendants that the plaintiff did not keep up his promise to pay entire consideration amount and that therefore, the plaintiff is not entitled to get a registered sale deed in furtherance of Ex.A1 agreement of sale do not hold water.
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 9 / 13 OS No.25/2021
13.As can be seen from the evidence on record, it is evident that the
DWs. 1 to 3 have stated in their evidence in-chief in one voice that they received earnest amount of Rs.4,00,000/- from the plaintiff and they executed
Ex.A1 agreement of sale in favour of the plaintiff with the terms and conditions recited therein and they further stated that the plaintiff did not pay entire sale consideration to them and that therefore, they did not execute the regular registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff and now four lane National
Highway was under construction and as on the date of execution of agreement of sale the plaintiff was aware of new proposal highway but the defendants are not aware and there is a lot of price escalation in the price of land and that therefore, they demanded a sum of Rs.5,00,000/- additionally in addition to the advance amount, but the plaintiff did not come forward to pay the same and that therefore, they did not execute the registered sale deed. Hence, it seems from the above evidence that the defendants denied to execute a registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff in furtherance of Ex.A1 agreement of sale on account of escalation of price in the price of suit schedule land. It is appropriate to law laid down by the Supreme Court on the aspect of denying the execution of registered sale deed on account of escalation of price in the price of the land already sold away by the vendor. In Narinderjit Singh Vs.
North Star Estate Promoters Limited, reported in (2012) 5 SCC 712, the
Hon’ble Supreme Court held in para 25 that :
“25. We are also inclined to agree with the lower appellate court that escalation in the price of the land cannot, by itself, be a ground for denying relief of specific performance. In K. Narendra v. Riviera Apartments (P) Ltd. this Court interpreted Section 20 of the Act and laid down the following propositions: (SCC p.91, para 29) “29. Section 20 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963 provides that the jurisdiction to decree specific performance is discretionary and the court is not bound to grant such relief merely because it is lawful to do so; the discretion of the court is not
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 10 / 13 OS No.25/2021 arbitrary but sound and reasonable, guided by judicial principles and capable of correction by a court of appeal. Performance of the contract involving some hardship on the defendant which he did not foresee while non-performance involving no such hardship on the plaintiff, is one of the circumstances in which the court may properly exercise discretion not to decree specific performance. The doctrine of comparative hardship has been thus statutorily recognised in India. However, mere inadequacy of consideration or the mere fact that the contract is onerous to the defendant or improvident in its nature, shall not constitute an unfair advantage to the plaintiff over the defendant or unforeseeable hardship on the defendant.”
14.As can be seen from the evidence of DWs.1 to 3, it is evident that they categorically admitted about execution of Ex.A1 agreement of sale in favour of the plaintiff and receiving of earnest amount of Rs.4,00,000/- from the plaintiff. It is evident from the cross-examination of DWs.1 to 3 that they stated that they are not ready to execute a regular registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff as the price of Ex.A1 agreement of sale deed land was escalated due to formation of National Highway road and they are demanding
additional amount of Rs.5,00,000/-. It can be seen from the cross-examination
of PW-1 that the learned counsel for the defendants nothing could be elicited that the PW-1 was aware of formation of National Highway road near to the suit schedule land and whereas the defendants were not aware of the same and thereby, he approached the defendants and entered into Ex.A1 agreement of sale in respect of the suit schedule land. It is denied by PW-1 in his cross-examination that he suppressed about the information relating to formation of road and induced the defendants to execute Ex.A1 agreement of sale for less amount suppressing information from them. Since, the defendants are the natives of village where the suit schedule land is located, this Court is
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 11 / 13 OS No.25/2021 of view that it cannot be said that they were not aware of formation of National
Highway near to the suit schedule land. It is obvious that the defendants are the natives of the suit schedule land and that therefore, they might have known the formation of the said National Highway. It can be seen from the evidence on record that there is no any other difficulty to the defendants to execute a registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff in furtherance of Ex.A1 agreement of sale except demanding additional amount of Rs.5,00,000/- from the plaintiff on account of formation of National Highway near to the suit schedule land. In view of the fact that the defendants failed to elicit that the plaintiff was aware of the formation of National Highway near to the suit land well in advance from the evidence of PW-1 and whereas the defendants are not aware of the same, in view of the law laid down above this Court is of view that the defendants cannot deny to execute a registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff under the guise that the price of the suit schedule land was escalated. In view of the above discussion, this Court is of view that the plaintiff was ready to pay the balance sale consideration of Rs.25,000/- to the defendants within three months though the time was stipulated for one year and to get a regular registered sale deed in his favour in furtherance of Ex.A1 agreement of sale, but the defendants did not come forward to execute the same in favour of the plaintiff on account of escalation of suit schedule land price subsequent to the Ex.A1 agreement of sale. Hence, the issue No.1 is answered accordingly in favour of the plaintiff and against the defendants.
15.Issue No.2:
A perusal of evidence on record, it is evident that the PW-1 has stated in his evidence that suit schedule property was owned by the defendants having succeeded to from their ancestors and offered to sell the same property to the plaintiff for Rs.4,25,000/- and that therefore, he paid a sum of Rs.4,00,000/- to the defendants towards earnest amount by way of transfer through his wife’s account to the account of the 1st defendant and the
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 12 / 13 OS No.25/2021 defendants agreed to execute a regular registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff within one year after receiving the balance consideration of
Rs.25,000/- and with the said terms and conditions, they executed Ex.A1 agreement of sale in his favour. The evidence of PW-1 is corroborated by the evidence of PWs. 2 and 3 who witnessed the transaction and attested the
Ex.A1 agreement of sale. It can be seen from the evidence on record that there is no dispute with regard to execution of Ex.A1 agreement of sale in favour of the plaintiff by the defendants and receiving of the balance consideration of Rs.4,00,000/- from the plaintiff as the defendants themselves admitted in their pleadings as well as in their evidence. It can be seen from the averments of Ex.A1 agreement of sale that the defendants agreed to execute a regular registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff within one year after receiving the balance consideration of Rs.25,000/- from the plaintiff. But the defendants did not obey the terms of Ex.A1 agreement of sale though the plaintiff was ready and willing to get a regular registered sale deed within the stipulated period of one year and they denied to execute registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff on account of escalation of the price of the land covered in Ex.A1 agreement of sale. Since, there is no dispute with regard to execution of Ex.A1 agreement of sale, it can be held that the suit agreement is true, valid and binding on the defendants. Hence, the issue No.2 is answered in favour of the plaintiff and against the defendants.
16.Issue No.3:
In the result, the suit is decreed with costs for specific performance of contract dated 15.09.2020 in favour of plaintiff and against defendants with direction that the plaintiff shall deposit Rs.25,000-00 (Rupees twenty five thousand only) towards balance of sale consideration before the
Court within one month from the date of decree with intimation to the defendants by way of registered post with acknowledgment due and on such
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 13 / 13 OS No.25/2021 deposit of the balance, the defendants shall execute a registered sale deed with respect to the suit schedule property in favour of the plaintiff within two months from the date of decree at the expenses of the plaintiff failing which the plaintiff will be entitled to get the registered sale deed executed through the process of Court.
Typed to my dictation by the Addl. Stenographer, corrected and
pronounced by me in the open Court on this the 12th day of February, 2025.
Sd/- V.Vijaya Kumar Reddy
Principal Civil Judge (Junior Division),
Madanapalle.
APPENDIX OF EVIDENCE
WITNESSES EXAMINED
FOR PLAINTIFF: FOR DEFENDANTS :
PW.1: P.Gopinath.DW.1: N.Eswaramma. PW.2: A.Chandra Sekhar.DW.2: N.Amrutha. PW.3: O.Gopala Krishna.DW.3: C.Rukmini.
EXHIBITS MARKED
FOR PLAINTIFF:
Ex.A1:Agreement of sale dt.15.09.2020 jointly executed by the defendant Nos.1 to 4 in favour of the plaintiff. Ex.A2:Office copy of legal notice dt.21.12.2020 issued by the plaintiff to the defendants. Ex.A3:Postal acknowledgment (3 in number), Postal receipts and postal track record. Ex.A4:Non-Judicial stamp worth Rs.100/- dt.28.12.2020 purchased from Sub- Registrar Office, Madanapalle.
FOR DEFENDANTS :
- Nil -
Sd/- V.Vijaya Kumar Reddy
Principal Civil Judge (Junior Division),
Madanapalle.
// Fair copy //
PCJ(Jr.D), Madanapalle. 14 / 13 OS No.25/2021 // True copy //
Principal Civil Judge (Junior Division),
Madanapalle.
// Fair copy //