Which Public Interest Litigation case resulted in the Supreme Court of India laying down the principle of ‘Absolute Liability’ ?
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M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (AIR 1987 SC 1086) — the Oleum Gas Leak case — established the doctrine of 'Absolute Liability.' The SC held that enterprises engaged in inherently dangerous activities owe an absolute duty to the community — no exceptions like Act of God or third-party fault. This went BEYOND Rylands v. Fletcher's strict liability.